Sanctions are developing into one of the key elements of the architecture of international legal influence in a world of growingly conflicting state interests, changes in the architecture of international security, and increasing use of economic coercion in international diplomacy. Recent practice in the application of sanctions has revealed a changed nature of sanctions from a tool in support of diplomatic pressure to an independent tool for the establishment of the rule of law at the international level. Therefore, the study of the legal framework within which sanctions are applied and their conformity to the basic principles of international law and standards of protection of human rights is gaining relevance. The object of the study is the system of international legal relations developing during the implementation of sanctions, and the subject is the legal principles, mechanisms for implementation, and effectiveness of sanctions as an instrument of international influence. The effectiveness of sanctions is considered from the angle of their impact on international security, economic processes, and human rights. Thus, the resistance of sanctions depends on their international legitimacy, the number of supporting states, and the accuracy of targeting. Unilateral sanction, especially extraterritorial ones breaches the law and may infringe on the principles of international law. It also proved that even individually or institutionally targeted sanctions can indirectly affect socio-economic rights, which calls for their legal control. The results are of practical value for improving mechanisms of sanction enforcement in international law, developing effective sanction policies, and balancing the goals of international security with the protection of human rights. The results of this study can be applied in further scientific research, the law-making process, and the practice of international as well as national institutions.
Sanctions are developing into one of the key elements of the architecture of international legal influence in a world of growingly conflicting state interests, changes in the architecture of international security, and increasing use of economic coercion in international diplomacy. Recent practice in the application of sanctions has revealed a changed nature of sanctions from a tool in support of diplomatic pressure to an independent tool for the establishment of the rule of law at the international level. Therefore, the study of the legal framework within which sanctions are applied and their conformity to the basic principles of international law and standards of protection of human rights is gaining relevance. The object of the study is the system of international legal relations developing during the implementation of sanctions, and the subject is the legal principles, mechanisms for implementation, and effectiveness of sanctions as an instrument of international influence. The effectiveness of sanctions is considered from the angle of their impact on international security, economic processes, and human rights. Thus, the resistance of sanctions depends on their international legitimacy, the number of supporting states, and the accuracy of targeting. Unilateral sanction, especially extraterritorial ones breaches the law and may infringe on the principles of international law. It also proved that even individually or institutionally targeted sanctions can indirectly affect socio-economic rights, which calls for their legal control. The results are of practical value for improving mechanisms of sanction enforcement in international law, developing effective sanction policies, and balancing the goals of international security with the protection of human rights. The results of this study can be applied in further scientific research, the law-making process, and the practice of international as well as national institutions.
