Abstract
Using Edward Said’s concepts of Orientalism, imaginative geography, and contrapuntal reading, this article examines how Susan Abulhawa’s Mornings in Jenin connects identity and memory to the politics of representation. Although previous scholarship has analyzed trauma, exile, national identity, memory, metaphor, and Palestinian self-representation, the formal relation among focalization, spatial narration, naming, and mnemonic transmission requires further clarification. Through a qualitative close reading of the 2010 Bloomsbury edition, the study traces recurrent passages in which narrative perspective, place, names, bodily marks, and family testimony converge. It argues that memory becomes counter-Orientalist not merely because suppressed events are recalled, but because remembered experience reorganizes narrative authority: Palestinians become historically situated subjects who perceive, interpret, and transmit the past. Ein Hod, Jenin, and the United States operate as unequally accessible geographies, while the Ismael/David plot exposes identity as institutionally produced but never reducible to one national designation. Family memories function as a selective counterarchive rather than a substitute for historiography. At the same time, Ari, Jolanta, Moshe, and David complicate collective binaries, allowing the novel to criticize acts, institutions, and structures of domination without essentializing Jewish identity. The novel’s counter-Orientalist force therefore lies in the formal conversion of memory into narrative authority and in an ethically contrapuntal account of loss and relational identity.
Keywords: cultural memory; identity; imaginative geography; Orientalism; Palestinian literature
Abstract
Using Edward Said’s concepts of Orientalism, imaginative geography, and contrapuntal reading, this article examines how Susan Abulhawa’s Mornings in Jenin connects identity and memory to the politics of representation. Although previous scholarship has analyzed trauma, exile, national identity, memory, metaphor, and Palestinian self-representation, the formal relation among focalization, spatial narration, naming, and mnemonic transmission requires further clarification. Through a qualitative close reading of the 2010 Bloomsbury edition, the study traces recurrent passages in which narrative perspective, place, names, bodily marks, and family testimony converge. It argues that memory becomes counter-Orientalist not merely because suppressed events are recalled, but because remembered experience reorganizes narrative authority: Palestinians become historically situated subjects who perceive, interpret, and transmit the past. Ein Hod, Jenin, and the United States operate as unequally accessible geographies, while the Ismael/David plot exposes identity as institutionally produced but never reducible to one national designation. Family memories function as a selective counterarchive rather than a substitute for historiography. At the same time, Ari, Jolanta, Moshe, and David complicate collective binaries, allowing the novel to criticize acts, institutions, and structures of domination without essentializing Jewish identity. The novel’s counter-Orientalist force therefore lies in the formal conversion of memory into narrative authority and in an ethically contrapuntal account of loss and relational identity.
Keywords: cultural memory; identity; imaginative geography; Orientalism; Palestinian literature
References
- Abulhawa, S. (2010). Mornings in Jenin. First U.S. edition.
New York: Bloomsbury.
- United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the
Near East. (n.d.). Who we are. Retrieved September 6, 2026,
from https://www.unrwa.org/who-we-are
- Rogan, E. L., & Shlaim, A. (Eds.). (2001). The War for
Palestine: Rewriting the History of 1948. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
- Sa’di, A. H., & Abu-Lughod, L. (Eds.). (2007). Nakba:
Palestine, 1948, and the Claims of Memory. New York: Columbia
University Press.
- Griffiths, M., & Joronen, M. (Eds.). (2023). Encountering
Palestine: Un/making Spaces of Colonial Violence. Lincoln:
University of Nebraska Press.
- Said, E. W. (1979). Orientalism. New York: Vintage
Books.
- Abu-Shomar, A. M. (2015). Diasporic reconciliations of politics, love
and trauma: Susan Abulhawa’s quest for identity in Mornings in
Jenin. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 6(2),
127–136. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.6n.2p.127
- Abu-Shomar, A. M. (2019). Unreconciled strivings of “exilic
consciousness”: Critical praxis of resistance in Susan Abulhawa’s
Mornings in Jenin. Journal of Holy Land and Palestine
Studies, 18(1), 101–120. https://doi.org/10.3366/hlps.2019.0204
- AlJahdali, S. H. (2014). Venturing into a vanishing space: The
chronotope in representing Palestinian postcoloniality. Journal of
Postcolonial Writing, 50(2), 216–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/17449855.2014.883180
- Raslan, I. E. S. (2017). Trauma and resistance in Susan Abulhawa’s
Mornings in Jenin. International Journal of Arabic-English
Studies, 17(1), 183–202. https://doi.org/10.33806/ijaes2000.17.1.10
- Ebileeni, M. (2017). Literary trespassing in Susan Abulhawa’s
Mornings in Jenin and Sayed Kashua’s Second Person
Singular. Comparative Literature, 69(2), 222–237. https://doi.org/10.1215/00104124-3865413
- Ahmad, F. (2024). Cruelties of occupation and indignities of
dispossession: Advancing Palestinian narrative as a decolonial praxis in
Susan Abulhawa’s Mornings in Jenin. Journal of Language
Teaching and Research, 15(1), 310–317. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1501.34
- Salam, W. J. (2022). The burden of the past: Memories, resistance and
existence in Susan Abulhawa’s Mornings in Jenin and Hala
Alyan’s Salt Houses. Interventions, 24(1), 31–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2020.1863840
- Mami, F. (2022). Postcolonial predicaments: Encumbering the
emancipatory potential in Susan Abulhawa’s Mornings in Jenin.
Critique: Studies in Contemporary Fiction, 63(1), 14–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/00111619.2020.1799742
- Alqudah, M., & Al Sous, F. (2025). Nostalgia, collective memory,
and Palestinian identity: Narrative strategies of resistance in Susan
Abulhawa’s Mornings in Jenin. The International Journal of
Critical Cultural Studies, 24(2), 111–129. https://doi.org/10.18848/2327-0055/CGP/v24i02/111-129
- Alqahtani, N. H. (2024). Revisiting Edward Said’s self-representation
in Susan Abulhawa’s Mornings in Jenin. Humanities and
Educational Sciences Journal, 40, 804–825. https://doi.org/10.55074/hesj.vi40.1120
- Said, E. W. (1994). Culture and Imperialism. New York:
Vintage Books.
- Hall, S. (1990). Cultural identity and diaspora. In J. Rutherford
(Ed.), Identity: Community, Culture, Difference (pp. 222–237).
London: Lawrence & Wishart.
- Bhabha, H. K. (1994). The Location of Culture. London:
Routledge.
- Halbwachs, M. (1992). On Collective Memory (L. A. Coser, Ed.
and Trans.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Assmann, J. (2011). Cultural Memory and Early Civilization:
Writing, Remembrance, and Political Imagination. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511996306
- Hirsch, M. (2012). The Generation of Postmemory: Writing and
Visual Culture after the Holocaust. New York: Columbia University
Press.
- Rothberg, M. (2009). Multidirectional Memory: Remembering the
Holocaust in the Age of Decolonization. Stanford: Stanford
University Press.
- Fischer, N. (2022). Entangled suffering and disruptive empathy: The
Holocaust, the Nakba and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict in Susan
Abulhawa’s Mornings in Jenin. Memory Studies, 15(4),
695–712. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750698019896850
- Al-Ma’amari, A., Yusof, N. M., & Vengadasamy, R. (2014).
Strangers in my home: The quest for identity in Mornings in
Jenin. Procedia–Social and Behavioral Sciences, 118,
29–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.02.004
- Ferhood, M. A., & Janoory, L. (2020). Constructing the
Palestinian nation via narration and attachment in Mornings in
Jenin: A postcolonial perspective. Malaysian Journal of Social
Sciences and Humanities, 5(11), 240–244. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v5i11.531
- Cleary, J. (2002). Literature, Partition and the Nation-State:
Culture and Conflict in Ireland, Israel and Palestine. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
- Saloul, I. (2012). Catastrophe and Exile in the Modern
Palestinian Imagination: Telling Memories. New York: Palgrave
Macmillan.
- Alkodimi, K. A. (2019). New perspectives in the Israel–Palestine
conflict: Righting the wrong through metaphor in Mornings in
Jenin. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English
Literature, 8(6), 132–138. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.8n.6p.132
- Harlow, B. (1987). Resistance Literature. New York:
Methuen.
How to cite:
Sabah Nouri, Fazel Asadi Amjad. Identity and Memory in Susan Abulhawa’s Mornings in Jenin: A Saidian Reading. Revista Cultura Científica, 2026 Issue 24. pg. 1265-1279.
Publication History
-
Received: 25/06/2026
-
Accepted: 13/09/2025
-
Published: 17/09/2026
Copyright © 2026, Sabah Nouri, Fazel Asadi Amjad. Published by Revista Cultura Científica. This article is published as open access under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license (
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).