Humanity has long experienced recurring political conflicts, many of which have escalated into large-scale wars, including the two world wars of the twentieth century. In the contemporary world, despite attempts to establish systems of collective security, conflicts remain an inherent element of the global political process. Under the conditions of globalization, regional and local conflicts increasingly acquire global significance, influencing economic, social, and cultural development. The growing intensity of such conflicts highlights the need for deeper scientific analysis and for the search for effective mechanisms for their resolution. The purpose of this study is to identify, through an analysis of scientific literature, the factors that contribute to the emergence and development of geopolitical conflicts and to outline possible approaches to overcoming them. The research applies both general theoretical and political science methodologies. The structural-functional approach makes it possible to analyze geopolitics as a system of interconnected elements, while the systemic approach considers it within the broader framework of global political processes. Behavioral analysis helps explain the motivations of political actors, and institutional perspectives highlight the role of states, international organizations, and other participants in international relations. The findings show that geopolitical conflicts are influenced by shifts in the global balance of power, competing strategic interests of major actors, and transformations of the international order. Effective conflict prevention requires balancing national interests with global stability and strengthening international cooperation.
Humanity has long experienced recurring political conflicts, many of which have escalated into large-scale wars, including the two world wars of the twentieth century. In the contemporary world, despite attempts to establish systems of collective security, conflicts remain an inherent element of the global political process. Under the conditions of globalization, regional and local conflicts increasingly acquire global significance, influencing economic, social, and cultural development. The growing intensity of such conflicts highlights the need for deeper scientific analysis and for the search for effective mechanisms for their resolution. The purpose of this study is to identify, through an analysis of scientific literature, the factors that contribute to the emergence and development of geopolitical conflicts and to outline possible approaches to overcoming them. The research applies both general theoretical and political science methodologies. The structural-functional approach makes it possible to analyze geopolitics as a system of interconnected elements, while the systemic approach considers it within the broader framework of global political processes. Behavioral analysis helps explain the motivations of political actors, and institutional perspectives highlight the role of states, international organizations, and other participants in international relations. The findings show that geopolitical conflicts are influenced by shifts in the global balance of power, competing strategic interests of major actors, and transformations of the international order. Effective conflict prevention requires balancing national interests with global stability and strengthening international cooperation.
